Tag: grep

Windows grep command alternative

On By Hans-Henry JakobsenIn Linux, Windows

grep is a linux console command to print lines matching a line, but Windows does not have the grep command.
In Windows you have to use the findstr command in a console window.

Example

C:\>dir |findstr Windows
13.09.2011  10:41              Windows

The findstr command is default case sensitive just like in linux.

findstr options

C:\>findstr -?
Searches for strings in files.

FINDSTR [/B] [/E] [/L] [/R] [/S] [/I] [/X] [/V] [/N] [/M] [/O] [/P] [/F:file]
        [/C:string] [/G:file] [/D:dir list] [/A:color attributes] [/OFF[LINE]]
        strings [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]

  /B         Matches pattern if at the beginning of a line.
  /E         Matches pattern if at the end of a line.
  /L         Uses search strings literally.
  /R         Uses search strings as regular expressions.
  /S         Searches for matching files in the current directory and all
             subdirectories.
  /I         Specifies that the search is not to be case-sensitive.
  /X         Prints lines that match exactly.
  /V         Prints only lines that do not contain a match.
  /N         Prints the line number before each line that matches.
  /M         Prints only the filename if a file contains a match.
  /O         Prints character offset before each matching line.
  /P         Skip files with non-printable characters.
  /OFF[LINE] Do not skip files with offline attribute set.
  /A:attr    Specifies color attribute with two hex digits. See "color /?"
  /F:file    Reads file list from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /C:string  Uses specified string as a literal search string.
  /G:file    Gets search strings from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /D:dir     Search a semicolon delimited list of directories
  strings    Text to be searched for.
  [drive:][path]filename
             Specifies a file or files to search.

Use spaces to separate multiple search strings unless the argument is prefixed
with /C.  For example, 'FINDSTR "hello there" x.y' searches for "hello" or
"there" in file x.y.  'FINDSTR /C:"hello there" x.y' searches for
"hello there" in file x.y.

Regular expression quick reference:
  .        Wildcard: any character
  *        Repeat: zero or more occurrences of previous character or class
  ^        Line position: beginning of line
  $        Line position: end of line
  [class]  Character class: any one character in set
  [^class] Inverse class: any one character not in set
  [x-y]    Range: any characters within the specified range
  \x       Escape: literal use of metacharacter x
  \    Word position: end of word

For full information on FINDSTR regular expressions refer to the online Command
Reference.

My 10 most used linux commands

On By Hans-Henry JakobsenIn Linux, Scripting

This is a oneliner bash command to determine my 10 most used linux commands according to my history file

history | awk '{CMD[$2]++;count++;}END { for (a in CMD)print CMD[a] " " CMD[a]/count*100 "% " a;}' | grep -v "./" | column -c3 -s " " -t | sort -nr | nl |  head -n10

The result

     1  188  37.6%  vi
     2  38   7.6%   ls
     3  24   4.8%   cat
     4  22   4.4%   apt-get
     5  12   2.4%   date
     6  11   2.2%   tail
     7  11   2.2%   cd
     8  10   2%     rm
     9  10   2%     man
    10  9    1.8%   basename

It looks like i use vim a lot on my home server. You should try it yourself and see what commands you use the most.

Source: http://linux.byexamples.com

Apache web connections pr hour

On By Hans-Henry JakobsenIn Linux, Scripting

This is a bash oneliner to show Apache web connections pr hour. It lists up the IPs that has accessed your webserver and the amount og accesses.

# cat /var/log/apache2/access_log_pario.no | grep "21/Jan/2008:.." | awk {' print $4":"$1 '} | sed 's/\[//g' | awk -F : {' print $1":"$2"\t\t"$5 '} | sort | uniq -c

Example output

37 21/Jan/2008:00          192.168.0.10

This shows that I had 37 hits from 00:00 – 01:00 in 20th February 2008.

Backup mysql databases into separate files

On By Hans-Henry JakobsenIn Linux, Scripting

This bach script makes separate backup files of all the databases in mysql and saves the result in the mysql_backup folder.

#!/bin/bash -v

USERNAME='yourusername'
PASSWORD='yourpassword'
HOSTNAME='yourhostname'
BackupFolder='/backup'

for i in $(echo 'SHOW DATABASES;' | mysql --user $USERNAME -p$PASSWORD -h $HOSTNAME | grep -v '^Database$' ); do
        mysqldump --user $USERNAME -p$PASSWORD -h $HOSTNAME --opt $i > $BackupFolder/$i.sql;
done;

Remember to change the -h, -p and -h switch according to your needs and avoid space between -p and the password variable.